Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Research Report 2026(Status And Outlook)

Buy Now
Share to
Facebook
Twitter
LinkedIn
WhatsApp
Base Year
2026
Forecast Period
2024-2029
Pages
163
Industry
Manufacturing & Industry
Regions
Global
Updated
April 2026

Report Overview


Report Overview
Handheld Electric Nutrunner is a type of electric plug / battery powered nutrunner that can be used by your hand.A Handheld Electric Nutrunner is used in situations where the tightness of screws and bolts is crucial. It allows the operator to measure the torque applied to the fastener so it can be matched to the specifications of a particular application.Automotive is the largest application market

The global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners market size was estimated at USD 263.0 million in 2025 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.50% during the forecast period.

This report offers a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners market, covering all critical facets from a broad macroeconomic overview to detailed micro-level insights. It examines market size, competitive landscape, emerging development trends, niche segments, key drivers and challenges, as well as conducts SWOT and value chain analyses.

The insights provided enable readers to understand the competitive dynamics within the industry and formulate effective strategies to enhance profitability and market positioning. Additionally, the report presents a clear framework for evaluating the current status and future outlook of business organizations operating in this sector.

A significant focus of this report lies in the competitive landscape of the global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners market. It offers detailed profiles of major players, including their market shares, performance metrics, product portfolios, and operational status. This enables stakeholders to identify leading competitors and gain a nuanced understanding of market rivalry and structure.

In summary, this report serves as an essential resource for industry participants, investors, researchers, consultants, and business strategists, as well as anyone planning to enter or expand their presence in the Industrial Handheld Nutrunners market.
Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market: Market Segmentation Analysis
This research report provides a detailed segmentation of the market by region (country), key manufacturers, product type, and application. Market segmentation divides the overall market into distinct subsets based on factors such as product categories, end-user industries, geographic locations, and other relevant criteria.
A clear understanding of these market segments enables decision-makers to tailor their product development, sales, and marketing strategies more effectively to meet the unique needs of each segment. Leveraging market segmentation insights can significantly enhance targeted approaches, optimize resource allocation, and accelerate product innovation cycles by aligning offerings with the specific demands of diverse customer groups.
Key Company
Atlas Copco
Bosch Rexroth
Apex Tool Group
STANLEY Engineered Fastening
ESTIC Corporation
Ingersoll Rand
ALFING Montagetechnik GmbH (AMT)
Dai-ichi Dentsu Ltd.
Sanyo Machine Works
Maschinenfabrik Wagner GmbH & Co. KG
KUKEN CO., LTD.
Tone Co., Ltd.
FEC Inc.
AIMCO
Chicago Pneumatic
Stöger Automation

Market Segmentation (by Type)
Pistol Handheld Nutrunner
Angle Handheld Nutrunner
Straight Handheld Nutrunner

Market Segmentation (by Application)
Automotive
Transportation
Machinery Manufacturing
Other

Geographic Segmentation
North America (USA, Canada, Mexico)
Europe (Germany, UK, France, Russia, Italy, Rest of Europe)
Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, South Korea, India, Southeast Asia, Rest of Asia-Pacific)
South America (Brazil, Argentina, Columbia, Rest of South America)
The Middle East and Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, Nigeria, South Africa, Rest of MEA)

Key Benefits of This Market Research:
Industry drivers, restraints, and opportunities covered in the study
Neutral perspective on the market performance
Recent industry trends and developments
Competitive landscape & strategies of key players
Potential & niche segments and regions exhibiting promising growth covered
Historical, current, and projected market size, in terms of value
In-depth analysis of the Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market
Overview of the regional outlook of the Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market:

Customization of the Report
In case of any queries or customization requirements, please connect with our sales team, who will ensure that your requirements are met.
Chapter Outline
Chapter 1 mainly introduces the statistical scope of the report, market division standards, and market research methods.

Chapter 2 is an executive summary of different market segments (by region, product type, application, etc), including the market size of each market segment, future development potential, and so on. It offers a high-level view of the current state of the Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market and its likely evolution in the short to mid-term, and long term.

Chapter 3 makes a detailed analysis of the markets competitive landscape of the market and provides the market share, capacity, output, price, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information of the main manufacturers in the market.

Chapter 4 is the analysis of the whole market industrial chain, including the upstream and downstream of the industry, as well as Porters five forces analysis.

Chapter 5 introduces the latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.

Chapter 6 provides the analysis of various market segments according to product types, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.

Chapter 7 provides the analysis of various market segments according to application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.

Chapter 8 provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space, and capacity of each country in the world.

Chapter 9 shares the main producing countries of Industrial Handheld Nutrunners, their output value, profit level, regional supply, production capacity layout, etc. from the supply side.

Chapter 10 introduces the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales revenue, sales volume, price, gross profit margin, market share, product introduction, recent development, etc.

Chapter 11 provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region in the next five years.

Chapter 12 provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each market segment in the next five years.

Chapter 13 is the main points and conclusions of the report.

Key Reasons to Buy this Report:
Access to date statistics compiled by our researchers. These provide you with historical and forecast data, which is analyzed to tell you why your market is set to change
This enables you to anticipate market changes to remain ahead of your competitors
You will be able to copy data from the Excel spreadsheet straight into your marketing plans, business presentations, or other strategic documents
The concise analysis, clear graph, and table format will enable you to pinpoint the information you require quickly
Provision of market value data for each segment and sub-segment
Indicates the region and segment that is expected to witness the fastest growth as well as to dominate the market
Analysis by geography highlighting the consumption of the product/service in the region as well as indicating the factors that are affecting the market within each region
Competitive landscape which incorporates the market ranking of the major players, along with new service/product launches, partnerships, business expansions, and acquisitions in the past five years of companies profiled
Extensive company profiles comprising of company overview, company insights, product benchmarking, and SWOT analysis for the major market players
The current as well as the future market outlook of the industry concerning recent developments which involve growth opportunities and drivers as well as challenges and restraints of both emerging as well as developed regions
Includes in-depth analysis of the market from various perspectives through Porter’s five forces analysis
Provides insight into the market through Value Chain
Market dynamics scenario, along with growth opportunities of the market in the years to come
6-month post-sales analyst support
Customization of the Report
In case of any queries or customization requirements, please connect with our sales team, who will ensure that your requirements are met.



Table of Contents

  • 1 Research Methodology and Statistical Scope
    • 1.1 Market Definition and Statistical Scope of Industrial Handheld Nutrunners
    • 1.2 Key Market Segments
      • 1.2.1 Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Segment by Type
      • 1.2.2 Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Segment by Application
    • 1.3 Methodology & Sources of Information
      • 1.3.1 Research Methodology
      • 1.3.2 Research Process
      • 1.3.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
      • 1.3.4 Base Year
      • 1.3.5 Report Assumptions & Caveats
  • 2 Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Overview
    • 2.1 Global Market Overview
      • 2.1.1 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Size (M USD) Estimates and Forecasts (2020-2035)
      • 2.1.2 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Sales Estimates and Forecasts (2020-2035)
    • 2.2 Market Segment Executive Summary
    • 2.3 Global Market Size by Region
  • 3 Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Competitive Landscape
    • 3.1 Company Assessment Quadrant
    • 3.2 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Life Cycle
    • 3.3 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Sales by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
    • 3.4 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
    • 3.5 Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
    • 3.6 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Average Price by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
    • 3.7 Manufacturers’ Manufacturing Sites, Areas Served, and Product Types
    • 3.8 Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Competitive Situation and Trends
      • 3.8.1 Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Concentration Rate
      • 3.8.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Players Market Share by Revenue
      • 3.8.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
  • 4 Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Industry Chain Analysis
    • 4.1 Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Industry Chain Analysis
    • 4.2 Market Overview of Key Raw Materials
    • 4.3 Midstream Market Analysis
    • 4.4 Downstream Customer Analysis
  • 5 The Development and Dynamics of Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market
    • 5.1 Key Development Trends
    • 5.2 Driving Factors
    • 5.3 Market Challenges
    • 5.4 Industry News
      • 5.4.1 New Product Developments
      • 5.4.2 Mergers & Acquisitions
      • 5.4.3 Expansions
      • 5.4.4 Collaboration/Supply Contracts
    • 5.5 PEST Analysis
      • 5.5.1 Industry Policies Analysis
      • 5.5.2 Economic Environment Analysis
      • 5.5.3 Social Environment Analysis
      • 5.5.4 Technological Environment Analysis
    • 5.6 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Porters Five Forces Analysis
      • 5.6.1 Global Trade Frictions
      • 5.6.2 U.S. Tariff Policy – April 2025
      • 5.6.3 Global Trade Frictions and Their Impacts to Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market
    • 5.7 ESG Ratings of Leading Companies
  • 6 Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Segmentation by Type
    • 6.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
    • 6.2 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Sales Market Share by Type (2020-2025)
    • 6.3 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Size by Type (2020-2025)
    • 6.4 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Price by Type (2020-2025)
  • 7 Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Segmentation by Application
    • 7.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Application)
    • 7.2 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Sales by Application (2020-2025)
    • 7.3 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Size (M USD) by Application (2020-2025)
    • 7.4 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Sales Growth Rate by Application (2020-2025)
  • 8 Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Sales by Region
    • 8.1 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Sales by Region
      • 8.1.1 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Sales by Region
      • 8.1.2 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Sales Market Share by Region
    • 8.2 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Size by Region
      • 8.2.1 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Size by Region
      • 8.2.2 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Size by Region
    • 8.3 North America
      • 8.3.1 North America Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Sales by Country
      • 8.3.2 North America Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Size by Country
      • 8.3.3 U.S. Market Overview
      • 8.3.4 Canada Market Overview
      • 8.3.5 Mexico Market Overview
    • 8.4 Europe
      • 8.4.1 Europe Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Sales by Country
      • 8.4.2 Europe Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Size by Country
      • 8.4.3 Germany Market Overview
      • 8.4.4 France Market Overview
      • 8.4.5 U.K. Market Overview
      • 8.4.6 Italy Market Overview
      • 8.4.7 Spain Market Overview
    • 8.5 Asia Pacific
      • 8.5.1 Asia Pacific Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Sales by Region
      • 8.5.2 Asia Pacific Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Size by Region
      • 8.5.3 China Market Overview
      • 8.5.4 Japan Market Overview
      • 8.5.5 South Korea Market Overview
      • 8.5.6 India Market Overview
      • 8.5.7 Southeast Asia Market Overview
    • 8.6 South America
      • 8.6.1 South America Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Sales by Country
      • 8.6.2 South America Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Size by Country
      • 8.6.3 Brazil Market Overview
      • 8.6.4 Argentina Market Overview
      • 8.6.5 Columbia Market Overview
    • 8.7 Middle East and Africa
      • 8.7.1 Middle East and Africa Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Sales by Region
      • 8.7.2 Middle East and Africa Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Size by Region
      • 8.7.3 Saudi Arabia Market Overview
      • 8.7.4 UAE Market Overview
      • 8.7.5 Egypt Market Overview
      • 8.7.6 Nigeria Market Overview
      • 8.7.7 South Africa Market Overview
  • 9 Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Production by Region
    • 9.1 Global Production of Industrial Handheld Nutrunners by Region(2020-2025)
    • 9.2 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Revenue Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
    • 9.3 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
    • 9.4 North America Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Production
      • 9.4.1 North America Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Production Growth Rate (2020-2025)
      • 9.4.2 North America Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
    • 9.5 Europe Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Production
      • 9.5.1 Europe Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Production Growth Rate (2020-2025)
      • 9.5.2 Europe Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
    • 9.6 Japan Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Production (2020-2025)
      • 9.6.1 Japan Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Production Growth Rate (2020-2025)
      • 9.6.2 Japan Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
    • 9.7 China Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Production (2020-2025)
      • 9.7.1 China Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Production Growth Rate (2020-2025)
      • 9.7.2 China Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
  • 10 Key Companies Profile
    • 10.1 Atlas Copco
      • 10.1.1 Atlas Copco Basic Information
      • 10.1.2 Atlas Copco Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Overview
      • 10.1.3 Atlas Copco Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Market Performance
      • 10.1.4 Atlas Copco Business Overview
      • 10.1.5 Atlas Copco SWOT Analysis
      • 10.1.6 Atlas Copco Recent Developments
    • 10.2 Bosch Rexroth
      • 10.2.1 Bosch Rexroth Basic Information
      • 10.2.2 Bosch Rexroth Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Overview
      • 10.2.3 Bosch Rexroth Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Market Performance
      • 10.2.4 Bosch Rexroth Business Overview
      • 10.2.5 Bosch Rexroth SWOT Analysis
      • 10.2.6 Bosch Rexroth Recent Developments
    • 10.3 Apex Tool Group
      • 10.3.1 Apex Tool Group Basic Information
      • 10.3.2 Apex Tool Group Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Overview
      • 10.3.3 Apex Tool Group Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Market Performance
      • 10.3.4 Apex Tool Group Business Overview
      • 10.3.5 Apex Tool Group SWOT Analysis
      • 10.3.6 Apex Tool Group Recent Developments
    • 10.4 STANLEY Engineered Fastening
      • 10.4.1 STANLEY Engineered Fastening Basic Information
      • 10.4.2 STANLEY Engineered Fastening Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Overview
      • 10.4.3 STANLEY Engineered Fastening Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Market Performance
      • 10.4.4 STANLEY Engineered Fastening Business Overview
      • 10.4.5 STANLEY Engineered Fastening Recent Developments
    • 10.5 ESTIC Corporation
      • 10.5.1 ESTIC Corporation Basic Information
      • 10.5.2 ESTIC Corporation Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Overview
      • 10.5.3 ESTIC Corporation Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Market Performance
      • 10.5.4 ESTIC Corporation Business Overview
      • 10.5.5 ESTIC Corporation Recent Developments
    • 10.6 Ingersoll Rand
      • 10.6.1 Ingersoll Rand Basic Information
      • 10.6.2 Ingersoll Rand Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Overview
      • 10.6.3 Ingersoll Rand Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Market Performance
      • 10.6.4 Ingersoll Rand Business Overview
      • 10.6.5 Ingersoll Rand Recent Developments
    • 10.7 ALFING Montagetechnik GmbH (AMT)
      • 10.7.1 ALFING Montagetechnik GmbH (AMT) Basic Information
      • 10.7.2 ALFING Montagetechnik GmbH (AMT) Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Overview
      • 10.7.3 ALFING Montagetechnik GmbH (AMT) Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Market Performance
      • 10.7.4 ALFING Montagetechnik GmbH (AMT) Business Overview
      • 10.7.5 ALFING Montagetechnik GmbH (AMT) Recent Developments
    • 10.8 Dai-ichi Dentsu Ltd.
      • 10.8.1 Dai-ichi Dentsu Ltd. Basic Information
      • 10.8.2 Dai-ichi Dentsu Ltd. Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Overview
      • 10.8.3 Dai-ichi Dentsu Ltd. Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Market Performance
      • 10.8.4 Dai-ichi Dentsu Ltd. Business Overview
      • 10.8.5 Dai-ichi Dentsu Ltd. Recent Developments
    • 10.9 Sanyo Machine Works
      • 10.9.1 Sanyo Machine Works Basic Information
      • 10.9.2 Sanyo Machine Works Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Overview
      • 10.9.3 Sanyo Machine Works Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Market Performance
      • 10.9.4 Sanyo Machine Works Business Overview
      • 10.9.5 Sanyo Machine Works Recent Developments
    • 10.10 Maschinenfabrik Wagner GmbH and Co. KG
      • 10.10.1 Maschinenfabrik Wagner GmbH and Co. KG Basic Information
      • 10.10.2 Maschinenfabrik Wagner GmbH and Co. KG Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Overview
      • 10.10.3 Maschinenfabrik Wagner GmbH and Co. KG Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Market Performance
      • 10.10.4 Maschinenfabrik Wagner GmbH and Co. KG Business Overview
      • 10.10.5 Maschinenfabrik Wagner GmbH and Co. KG Recent Developments
    • 10.11 KUKEN CO., LTD.
      • 10.11.1 KUKEN CO., LTD. Basic Information
      • 10.11.2 KUKEN CO., LTD. Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Overview
      • 10.11.3 KUKEN CO., LTD. Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Market Performance
      • 10.11.4 KUKEN CO., LTD. Business Overview
      • 10.11.5 KUKEN CO., LTD. Recent Developments
    • 10.12 Tone Co., Ltd.
      • 10.12.1 Tone Co., Ltd. Basic Information
      • 10.12.2 Tone Co., Ltd. Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Overview
      • 10.12.3 Tone Co., Ltd. Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Market Performance
      • 10.12.4 Tone Co., Ltd. Business Overview
      • 10.12.5 Tone Co., Ltd. Recent Developments
    • 10.13 FEC Inc.
      • 10.13.1 FEC Inc. Basic Information
      • 10.13.2 FEC Inc. Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Overview
      • 10.13.3 FEC Inc. Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Market Performance
      • 10.13.4 FEC Inc. Business Overview
      • 10.13.5 FEC Inc. Recent Developments
    • 10.14 AIMCO
      • 10.14.1 AIMCO Basic Information
      • 10.14.2 AIMCO Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Overview
      • 10.14.3 AIMCO Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Market Performance
      • 10.14.4 AIMCO Business Overview
      • 10.14.5 AIMCO Recent Developments
    • 10.15 Chicago Pneumatic
      • 10.15.1 Chicago Pneumatic Basic Information
      • 10.15.2 Chicago Pneumatic Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Overview
      • 10.15.3 Chicago Pneumatic Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Market Performance
      • 10.15.4 Chicago Pneumatic Business Overview
      • 10.15.5 Chicago Pneumatic Recent Developments
    • 10.16 Stöger Automation
      • 10.16.1 Stöger Automation Basic Information
      • 10.16.2 Stöger Automation Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Overview
      • 10.16.3 Stöger Automation Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Product Market Performance
      • 10.16.4 Stöger Automation Business Overview
      • 10.16.5 Stöger Automation Recent Developments
  • 11 Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Forecast by Region
    • 11.1 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Size Forecast
    • 11.2 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Forecast by Region
      • 11.2.1 North America Market Size Forecast by Country
      • 11.2.2 Europe Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Size Forecast by Country
      • 11.2.3 Asia Pacific Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Size Forecast by Region
      • 11.2.4 South America Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Size Forecast by Country
      • 11.2.5 Middle East and Africa Forecasted Sales of Industrial Handheld Nutrunners by Country
  • 12 Forecast Market by Type and by Application (2026-2035)
    • 12.1 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Forecast by Type (2026-2035)
      • 12.1.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Industrial Handheld Nutrunners by Type (2026-2035)
      • 12.1.2 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Size Forecast by Type (2026-2035)
      • 12.1.3 Global Forecasted Price of Industrial Handheld Nutrunners by Type (2026-2035)
    • 12.2 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Forecast by Application (2026-2035)
      • 12.2.1 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Sales (K Units) Forecast by Application
      • 12.2.2 Global Industrial Handheld Nutrunners Market Size (M USD) Forecast by Application (2026-2035)
  • 13 Conclusion and Key Findings

Frequently Asked Questions

JSB Market Research is a global provider of market research reports, industry insights, and business intelligence solutions. We help companies, analysts, and decision-makers gain a deeper understanding of global and regional markets.

Our reports deliver data-driven insights, market opportunities, competitive landscapes, and future forecasts. These help your business make informed decisions, enter new markets confidently, and stay ahead of industry trends.

Yes. We offer tailored research services designed to meet your specific market, product, or competitor analysis needs. Our experts work closely with clients to deliver precise, relevant, and actionable insights.

Browse the desired report, select your preferred license type, and complete payment through our secure checkout. For corporate purchases or invoice payments, you can contact our support team directly.

Yes. You can request sample pages or a report overview. This helps you understand the structure, methodology, and depth of analysis before purchasing.